2.6.4 |
WHERE THE MEAN DETERMINES NEUTRALITY AND MODERATENESS |
As regards the original
catena of the energy increase
catena no neutrality is given, since energy in this sense is
always nonnegative. Taking the mean energy of all objects in the
closed system mentioned above, this mean would, then, only
determine the amount of energy under which an object does have
little, and above which an object has much energy, at least if no
perineutrality were to be distinguished.
Unlike the
increase-catenary mean, which is always 0,
this mean is variable in physical terms. It changes as the number of
objects changes (because of fusion and fission, for instance).
If someone did not have the slightest idea of what a short
or tall, adult person would be, and
'e were confronted with
(the body of) an adult person of a height of 150 cm, 'e might
call that person "short" if 'e is shorter than 'imself and
"tall" if 'e is taller than 'imself (that is, so much shorter
or taller that it is noticeable). The average height in this
imaginary, closed system would be a height between that of
'er own and that of the other
person's body. If a third person turned up of exactly this average
height, 'e would be called "neither short nor tall" or "of middling
height" (assuming that the catenization would be linear).
Yet, this picture is not a realistic one, because in practise
everyone who knows how to use the words short and tall
has already compared heights many times, and will also have an idea
already whether 'e is short, medium or tall
'imself. Moreover,
'e will always use the expressions in such a manner that
short, medium short or medium tall and tall
cannot denote one and the same person or thing at a time. Such a
person who knows how to use the expressions has already formed some
mental frame of reference before facing a person 150 cm tall 'e
is able to call "short". Even if 'e merely compares the other
person's height with 'er own height, 'e has still to know
whether 'e is short or tall or of middling height 'imself.
Knowing this, 'e knows roughly what height is that of adult
people who are neither short nor tall. Thus when the other
person thereupon starts growing many mm consecutively (as in the
imaginary sorites example), 'e only has to compare that other
person's height with 'er own height and with what is the normal
(neutral) or moderate (perineutral) height in 'er frame of
reference. This means nothing else than that 'e sticks to the
procedure 'e started out with, when 'e called the other person
"short" the first time.
The hypothesis of mean-neutrality implies that an adult person
who has the mean height of all the adult persons belonging to a
real or imaginary group on which the shortness catenization is
based is neither short nor tall. Like in the case of the
amount of energy objects have, this mean is variable in a
physical sense. It is particularly variable because the limits
of the special collection of
catenals are very vague themselves
-- there usually is no completely closed system in this respect.
That is why it is not sensible from a pragmatic point of view to
emphasize the mean value of one special collection of catenals
at one particular moment. And we are usually not able to measure
this mean either; we would just have to estimate it. Thus even
granted that the mean, theoretically speaking, exactly determines
the neutral value of the catena for the special collection
concerned, it still does not make the boundary between positivity
and negativity sharp in practise. Moreover, it should not go
unnoticed that by the very addition to the collection of
catenals of one object to be judged, the mean and neutral value
itself moves in the direction of the value of the object to be
judged.
As there is no sharp boundary between positivity and negativity
in practise when the neutral value is not clearly given,
neither nor does usually not refer to neutrality here, but to
perineutrality, together with medium, middling and
moderately. Since the position of the neutral value is hard to
establish, the perineutralities of such catenas remain recognized as
such in common parlance. Where the boundary between
positivity and negativity is sharp, and where the neutral value
can easily be assessed, perineutralities tend to disappear and
to reemerge as the positivity of a neutrality-moreness catena
(as in the case of slowness). It is because of the practical
impossibility to calculate the universal mean value that the
scope of catenization must always be special when the derivation
is factitious and the position of the neutrality not sufficiently
clear.
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